Read the text carefully. Pay attention to words in the bold print

Many studies have proven the ill effects of smoking on overall health. Smoking increases patient’s chances of having a heart attack or stroke, and is a leading cause of lung cancer. Smoking while pregnant has also been linked to prematurebabies and birth defects.

There are also several ways that smoking ruins your oral health:

• Tooth Stains – Smoking causes tooth stains. Teeth whitening or veneers can reduce or remove the staining.
• Bad Breath – One of the main causes of halitosis is smoking. Not only does smoking give dry mouth, but tar and nicotine settles in oral cavity, leading to a condition known as "smoker's breath." Gum disease, another consequence of smoking, also causes bad breath.
• Tooth Decay – Smoking increases the amount of dental plaque in the mouth, and the more dental plaque, the harder it is to remove. This eventually leads todental tartar and tooth decay.
• Gum Disease – Tobacco interferes with the function of gum tissue cells. Gums become damaged by separating from the bone, leaving them open to infection. Smokers are several times more likely to get advanced periodontal disease than non-smokers.
• Tooth Loss – Advanced periodontitis eventually leads to bone deterioration and tooth loss.
• Oral Cancer – Smoking greatly increases chances of getting oral cancer. In fact, 90% of oral cancer patients are smokers.

Unfortunately, there's no tobacco substitute for cigarette smoking. Pipes, cigars and chewing tobacco all have the same effects on your oral health as cigarettes.

Not only are smokers bound to have dental problems, but the more you smoke, the worse they will get. Unfortunately, smokers also tend to be more careless with their oral health.

The nicotine in cigarettes is highly addictive, and keeps smokers reaching for their packs.

If a patient is a smoker and looking to quit, they should start by seeing a dentist to evaluate their dental health and get an oral cancer exam.

GLOSSARY
addictive – uzależniający 
advanced – zaawansowany 
bound to – zobowiązany 
careless – niedbały 
chance – szansa, możliwość, prawdopodobieństwo
dental tartar – kamień nazębny 
eventually – ostatecznie 
halitosis – przykry zapach z ust 
ill – zły 
interfere – kolidować, ingerować 
lead to – prowadzić do 
overall – ogólny 
pipe – fajka
premature – przedwczesny
quit – rzucić, porzucić
settle – osadzać się
several – kilka, kilkanaście
substitute – zastąpić, substytut
tar – smoła
tend to – mają tendencję do
veneers – licówki

Mark the sentences TRUE (T) or FALSE (F)

1. The effects of smokeless tobacco products are different from smoked tobacco.
2. Smoking is the only reason of halitosis.
3. Male smokers above 40 are more likely to develop oral cancer than female smokers.
4. Smokers have more dental problems but see a dentist less often.
5. There are special gums, patches and lozenges to help with cravings for nicotine.
6. Pipes, cigars and smokeless tobacco products have diminished effect on oral health in comparison with the cigarettes.
7. Smokeless tobacco products may be harmful due to some added sugar content.
8. Smokers heal faster after various dental procedures and surgeries.
9. There is a lower success rate among smokers following dental procedures.
10. Dentists can easily tell that a patient has been smoking even without asking the question.

Match terms with definitions

Complete the dialog with words from the table.

Patient: What can I do to keep my teeth white after the 1)_____________? 
Dentist: Well, you need to look after your dental 2)___________. Are you a smoker? 
P: Oh, yes, I’m afraid so. 
D: Well, as you know, the nicotine tends to 3) _________ your teeth a lot. I suggest that you 4)_____________ smoking at once! 
P: I think I will need to have my teeth 5)_________ more often! 
D: I’m afraid smoking can do more 6)__________ than good to your teeth and gums. For example plaque and 7)___________ can build up faster if you smoke and you are at higher risk of 8)_____________ disease. 
P: Do you mean that my gums will bleed? 
D: I’m afraid so. That’s one of the symptoms. 
P: Oh, gosh. I’d better think about it. 
D: Good idea, and please remember about a regular 9)____________!

Complete the following piece of advice with proper words/expressions. Rearrange the letters in brackets to help you guess the proper answers.

Here some tips for smokers concerning their oral health:
• Although it's easier said than done, stop smoking or stop (CEINGHW)__________ tobacco!
• Have regular (ECK UPSCH) __________with the dentist in order to verify the state of the (UMGS) ___________ and make sure no oral (ANCCER)__________ is developing.
• Maintain a thorough oral hygiene plan by regularly brushing, flossing, using (UOMTH ASWH)_________ and tongue cleaner, and by having regular professional cleanings at the dentist's office.
• Learn how to do an oral cancer (SEFL)___________ examination by checking for sores, bleedings, white (LCUERS)___________ or patches, swellings, lumps, bumps, numbness or pain around the cheeks, lips, (ONTGEU)__________ or under the tongue that do not heal within two weeks.


Lessons 34 answers