Dental implants are a dentistry option that allows patients to replace missing teeth with ones that look, feel, and perform like their own. A typical implant consists of a titanium screw (resembling a tooth root) with a roughened or smooth surface. The majority of dental implants are made out of commercially pure titanium, which is available in 4 grades depending on the amount of carbon and iron contained. More recently grade 5 titanium has increased in use. During the first step of this procedure, a doctor skilled in implant dentistry surgically places a titanium screw orpost in the patient's jaw. After the gums have healed around the embedded post, a replacement tooth is attached to the top of it.

Dental implants are a vast improvement over conventional dentures. They're more stable and user-friendly than many other teeth replacement options, and because the posts that secure dental implants in place are integrated into the jaw, they also help prevent bone loss and gum recession. However, some medical conditions, including radiation therapy in the mouth area, and diseases such as diabetes, lower the success rate for implant dentistry. Also heavy smoking and alcohol abuse may be contraindications for this procedure. For that reason, patients must undergo a rigorous screening process before they may proceed with implant dentistry.

Dental implant recovery depends on a number of factors, including the various procedures required to complete your treatment. However, it is generally recognized that once an implant has been placed, maintaining oral hygiene habits is required toensure proper fusing of the implant and bone structure. If cared for properly, an implant restoration can remain in place for more than 40 years. After the initialsurgical procedure, discomfort should be minimal. Swelling of your gums and face may occur, as well as minor bleeding and bruising of the implant site. Prescription pain medications may be prescribed by your dentist to relieve any pain or discomfort you feel after the procedure. Healing from the surgical procedure to place the dental implant takes up to six months. Again, this timeframe depends on individual cases and treatments.

GLOSSARY
attach – dołączać, przyczepiać 
be made out of – być zrobionym z 
bleeding – krwawienie 
bruising – siniaki 
carbon – węgiel 
discomfort – dyskomfort, niewygoda 
embedded – osadzony 
ensure – zagwarantować 
fuse – złączyć się, zrastać się 
grade – gatunek, stopień 
heal – goić/zagoić się 
initial – wstępny 
integrate – integrować, scalać 
iron – żelazo 
maintain – zachować, utrzymać 
per form – działać 
post – słupek 
proceed – przystąpić, rozpocząć
pure – czysty 
rate – wskaźnik 
recession – (tutaj) recesja dziąsła 
recovery – zdrowienie 
relieve – uśmierzać 
replace – zastąpić, zamienić
roughened – szorstki
skrew – śruba, wkręt
secure – (tutaj) dobrze mocują, przytwierdzają
smooth – gładki 
step – krok
surgically – chirurgicznie 
swelling – opuchlizna
up to – do
user-friendly – przyjazny dla użytkownika
vast – rozległy

Put the steps of a dental implants procedure in the right order.

FIRST VISIT (steps 1-8)

______. Implant is placed in the hole prepared by the doctor. 
______. Local anesthesia and sedation is provided to the patient prior to the procedure.
______. Gum is cut and bone is exposed. 
______. Antibiotics and pain relievers are prescribed and proper oral hygiene advice is given to the patient. 
______. The X-ray of this area may be taken to ensure the implant is in a proper place. 
______. Initial patient screening is performed to determine if he/she is a good candidate for dental implants.
______.The hole is drilled in the bone and the implant is placed into it. 
______.The gum is stitched and closed over the implant.

SECOND VISIT (steps 1-6)

______. Restoration option is chosen and completed about 2 weeks after the second surgery. 
______. Gum is cut and the implant is being exposed. 
______. Stitches are removed (after 7-10 days after the first surgery)and the surgeon checks if the implant has integrated with the bone (the process takes about 3-6 months). 
______. Metal post is placed on the implant in the place of the protective screw.
______. Local anesthesia is given to the patient. 
______. Protective screw from the implant is removed.

Complete the sentences with proper words

1. The fast _ _ C _ _ _ _ _ from an implant surgery may depend on patient’s proper oral hygiene and general condition of health. 
2. The process of H _ _ _ _ _ _ may be difficult or sometimes even impossible in the smokers. 
3. Dental surgeons frequently prescribe pain killers to _ _ L_ _ _ _ pain and discomfort after dental implant procedure. 
4. It may happen that the implant will not _ _ S _ with the bone due to titanium surgery. 
5. A typical implant consists of a _ _ _ _W and a _ _ _ T.
6. The first _ T _ _ to a quick recovery after the implant surgery is to maintain a proper oral hygiene and complete the full course of antibiotics. 
7. Before the surgeon _ _ _ C_ _ _S with cutting the gum, he/she will use local anesthetic. 
8. ‘During your _ _ _ _ _ A _ visit we’ll decide if the implants are really the best option for you’.

Post-surgery care advice: Use information from brackets to provide some tips for your patient

Example: (COURSE OF ANTIBIOTICS / COMPLETE): Remember to complete the whole course of antibiotics

1. (GAUZE PAD / BITE / GENTLY BUT FIRMLY): 
_______________________________________________________________________
2. (GAUZE PADS / CHANGE / BLEEDING STOP):
______________________________________________________________________
3. (BLEEDING PERSIST / CALL):
______________________________________________________________________
4. (ICE PACK / APPLY / ELIMINATE SWELLING): 
_______________________________________________________________________
5. ( SOFT FOOD / PLENTY OF DRINKS / ONE WEEK AFTER SURGERY):
_______________________________________________________________________
6. (SALT WATER SOLUTION / RINSE): 
_______________________________________________________________________
7. (NOT BRUSH / FIRST FEW DAYS AFTER SURGERY / SPECIAL MOUTH RINSE PRESCRIBED BY YOUR DOCTOR): 
_______________________________________________________________________
8. (SMOKING / NOT ALLOWED / 2 WEEKS AFTER SURGERY): 
________________________________________________________________________
9. (SPICY AND ACID FOODS / AVOID): 
_______________________________________________________________________
10. (CHECK-UPS / ATTEND / FOLLOW-UP/ MORE FREQUENT)
_________________________________________________________________


Lesson 11 answers